Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business Essay Example

Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business Paper As the population relies more and more on mobile phones, additional features were requested. A. High expectation of customers: Technology can change the buying patterns of customers. Customers are the crux whenever a business venture is created. Organizations produce to sell, but if the spending power of the consumers decreases or they become averse to a particular type of product or service, the organization will be affected immensely. It is important therefore, that business leaders are able to gauge he change in tastes and preferences of customers so that they are better prepared for any eventuality. We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer People want better products with superior quality, safer and free from pollution. For all this to be achieved, more investment has to be done on Research and Development. High expectations can pose a challenge as well as opportunities to the business sectors. The most successful and powerful organizations are looked at with hope for the newest and best products and so it completely depends on their work methods to satisfy the customers with good products or lose their faith with bad products. B. Modernization and Arbitration: Technology has resulted in both Modernization and Complexity. Modernization is indicated by a change in peoples food habits, dress habits, speaking styles, tastes, choices, preferences, ideas, values, recreational activities and so on. People in the process of getting them modernized give more importance to science and technology. The scientific and technological inventions have modernized societies in various countries. They have brought about remarkable changes in the whole system of social relationship and installed new ideologies in the place of traditional ones. Arbitration denotes a diffusion of the influence of urban centers to a rural hinterland. It describes the growth of a society in which a major role is played by manufacturing industry. The industry is characterized by heavy, fixed capital investment in plant and building by the application of science to industrial techniques and by mainly large-scale standardized production. Due to technological changes people are trying to upgrade themselves from just agriculture to other options and opportunities. Hence only when a large proportion of inhabitants in an area come to cities arbitration is said to occur. Arbitration has become a world phenomenon today. An unprecedented growth has taken place not only in the number of great cities but also in their size. As a result of industrialization people have started moving towards the metro cities like Bungalow, Achaean and Iambi etc in search of employment. More and more rural areas are thus getting converted in to urban areas to accommodate the moving populations. C. Social Changes: The implementation of technology influences the values of a society by changing expectations and realities. The implementation of technology is also influenced by values. There are (at least) three major, interrelated values that inform, and are informed by, technological innovations: * Mechanistic world view: Viewing the universe as a collection of parts, (like a machine), that can be individually analyzed and understood. This is a form of reductionism that is rare nowadays. However, the neo-mechanistic world view holds that nothing in the universe cannot be understood by the human intellect. Also, while all things are greater than the sum of their parts (e. G. Even if we consider nothing more than the information involved in their combination), in Renville, even this excess must eventually be understood by human intelligence. That is, no divine orbital principle or essence is involved. * Efficiency: A value, originally applied only to machines, but now applied to all aspects of society, so that each element is expected to attain a higher and higher percentage of its maximal possible performance, output, or ability. Social progress: The belief that there is such a thing as social progress, and that, in the main, it is beneficent. Before the Industrial Revolution, and the subsequent explosion of technology, almost all societies believed in a cyclical hero of social movement and, indeed, of all history and the universe. This was, obviously, based on the cyclist of the seasons, and an agricultural economy and societys strong ties to that cyclist. Since much of the world is closer to their agricultural roots, they are still much more amenable to cyclist than progress in history. This brings on with it, some disadvantages too. Though social differences tend to be ironed out, status differences are created by technological advancements in Indian and other developing countries. In India, employees in foreign collaborations are paid more than employees working in local collaborations, though they do the same job in the same field. Moreover, modernization pressurize for more and more Genetically Modified Products over natural products and this several adverse affects like misaligning the natural pathways. It also leads to consolidation Of market towards the companies providing GM products. D. Social Systems: Of particular interest is the knowledge of technology. At this level, technology creates a distinct type of social system, namely, the knowledge society. In the knowledge society, use and transfer of knowledge and information, rather Han manual skill, dominates work and employs the largest portion of labor force. The knowledge worker will have to show why he should be retained, what benefit he can offer to the organization and how he can add value to whatever the organization does. He will have to create new jobs in consultation with his employer. The factories have brought down the prices of commodities, improved their quality and maximized their output. The whole process of production is mechanized. The process of industrialization has affected the nature, character and the growth of economy. It has contributed to the growth of cities or to the process Of arbitration. Development Of transport and immunization has led to the national and international trade on a large scale. The road transport, the train service, the ships and air transport have eased the movement of men and material goods. Post and telegraph, radio and television, newspaper and magazines, wireless has developed a great deal. They have helped the people belonging to different corners of the nation or the world to have regular contacts. The introduction of the factory system of production has turned the agricultural economy into industrial economy. The industrial or the capitalist economy has divided the social organization into two predominant classes- the capitalist class and the working class. These two classes are always at conflict due to mutually opposite interests. A. Productivity and Competition: Most of the organizations today fiercely contest with each other to woo customers. Although, the customer is in a win-win situation and gets many options to choose from, organizations for their part have to be on their toes with all preparedness to counter any marketing or publicity campaigns by the rivals to score over the consumers. If a rival is able to come up with an innovative product or service, other organizations then need to play the thatch-up game and this factor affects business immensely. It is the driving factor behind the technological advancements. In technology the competition is remorseless. In most businesses the competition might be able to do something as well as you and it will remove your excess profit. People will build hotels for instance until everyones returns are inadequate but not until everyones returns are sharply negative. Even in a glutted market a hotel tends to have a reason to exist it still provides useful service. For example, data suggests that during the years since 1991-92, when the Indian software arrives industry and, to an extent, the hardware industry was still in its infancy, there has been one striking structural feature characterizing the sector. Over this 1 7-year period when industry revenues have grown by more than 1 50 times or at a compound rate of 34 per cent per annum, a few firms have routinely dominated the industry. Thus the share of the top 20 firms in the industry throughout the period has fluctuated between 47 and 57 per cent, standing at 55 per cent in 1999-2000 and at 56 per cent in 2006-07. That is concentration as conventionally measured has been high and relatively table. What is more there is evidence that at the core of the industry concentration is in fact increasing. According to the results of Disquiets most recent survey, the share of the Top 20 firms in the revenues of the Top 200, which has been increasing consistently over the last few years, rose sharply from 54 per cent in 2005-06 to 64 per cent in 2006-07, as compared to a rise from 50 to 54 per cent between 2004-05 and 2006-07 (Datasets, July 1 5, 2007). Acquisitions such as that of I-Flex by Oracle and a sudden, sharp 1 36 per cent increase in the revenues of Tech Maidenhair partly explain this rend. But the fact of a high degree of concentration cannot be denied. With the increasing technology requirements of Indian businesses and government along with increased summarization, the Indian technology industry is expected to grow to RSI. 1. 8 trillion by 201 6, a growth of over 2012. Opportunities, the contribution of the Internet economy to the countrys gross domestic product (GAP) is expected to increase from 4. % in 2010 to 5. 6% in 2016, to touch RSI. 1 1 trillion, driven largely by the countrys demographic dividend. Also, the number of billion-dollar Indian companies ill increase from 141 in fiscal year 2010 to more than 700 by 2020, and these firms will require extensive use of technology to remain competitive. This thus, is leading to increased productivity in terms of quality and quantity by the major Indian industries. A number oftentimes factors can affect both true and measured productivity. For example, workers may work harder during periods of high demand and firms may use their capital assets more intensively by running factories for extra shifts; both factors can lead measured productivity to be too high relative to actual technological progress. Similarly, during periods of high demand, productivity can rise because firms take advantage of increasing returns to scale. Technology has brought about increased productivity in almost all sectors Of Indian Economy like Infrastructure, Agriculture, Communication and Information Technology through new techniques and methods. Some of the productivity improving technologies are: Replacing human and animal power with water and wind power, steam, electricity and internal combustion and greatly increasing the use of energy Energy efficiency in the conversion of energy to useful work Infrastructures: canals, railroads, highways and pipelines Mechanization, both production machinery and agricultural machines Work practices and processes: The American system of manufacturing, Tailors or scientific management, mass production, assembly line, modern business enterprise Materials handling: bulk materials, popularization and centralization Scientific agriculture: fertilizers and the green revolution, livestock and poultry management New materials, new process for their production and denationalization. Communications: Telegraph, telephone, radio, titillates, fiber optic neuron and the Internet Home economics: Public water supply, household gas, appliances Automation and process control Computers and software, data processing. B. Need to spend on Research and Development: Research and Development assumes considerable relevance in organizations as technology advances. Firms are required to consider, decide and take action on various issues. In the modern world, superior technologies, resources, geography, and history give rise to robust economies; and in a well-functioning, robust economy, economic excess naturally flows into rater use of technology. Moreover, because technology is such an inseparable part of human society, especially in its economic aspects, funding sources for (new) technological endeavourers are virtually illimitable. However, while in the beginning technological investment involved little more than the time, efforts, and skills of one or a few men, today, such investment may involve the collective labor and skills of many millions. Technology transfer is a complex, time-consuming and costly process, and the successful implementation of such a process demands continuous communication and o-operation between the parties involved. Furthermore, technology transfer cannot be effective if it experiences conflict with the economic and social needs of the people. In spite of the many differences in social, political, cultural, geographic and economic conditions, there are some common characteristics in the technological environments of developing countries. The most common technology transfer from industrialists to developing countries has been in agriculture and health care. As a result of improved health care systems, infant mortality rates have been cut while the incidence f once common diseases such as malaria and typhoid has been reduced in Latin America, south-east Asia and Africa (although the incidents Of the AIDS virus has increased alarmingly). Similarly, agricultural technology has increased agricultural productivity in Brazil, India and elsewhere. However, in most developing countries, technology has made little impact on the productive systems, income distribution and living conditions of the majority of the population. Moreover, as new technology comes in, the old one needs to be abandoned. The process of old replaced by new is called Technological Discontinuity. Such discontinuity occurs when a new technology cannot be used simply to enhance the current technology but actually substitutes for it to yield better performance. The R n D management must determine when to abandon present technology and when to develop or adopt new one. C. Increasing Intellectuality of jobs: With the advent of technology, jobs tend to become more intellectual or upgraded. A job hitherto handled by an illiterate and unskilled worker now requires the services of an educated and component worker. Introduction of new technology dislocates some workers. This makes it obligatory on the part f business houses to retrain its employees and to rehabilitate those displaced and non-trainable. Equal is the responsibly of the government to provide training and educational facilities to its citizens-those who pick up and acquaint themselves with the new technology, the job will be rewarding as they stand to gain through increased productivity, reduced prices and increased real wages. Along with upgrading jobs, technology has its impact on human relations. Since interaction and activity affect sentiments and they begin to feel and think about one another and about their situation. Not only bobs become more intellectual and knowledge-oriented, even the incumbents tended to become highly professional and knowledgeable. D. Unemployment: The problem of unemployment is a concomitant feature of the rapid technological advancement. Machines not only provide employment opportunities for men but they also take away the jobs of men through labor- saving devices. This results in technological unemployment. Labor displacing technologies can generally be classified under mechanization, automation, and process improvement. The first two fundamentally involve transferring tasks from humans to machines. The third monumentally involves the elimination of tasks altogether. Unemployment due to an increment in productivity generates an expectancy that no new jobs, or not enough new jobs, will arise to fill the void. Variants of this argument persist through the present day, as do counter-arguments to it. Average working hours have decreased significantly since the advent of modern efficiency producing technologies and continue to fall as less and less labor is needed to meet demand. The Great Indian Technologies From launching its first satellite to becoming self sufficient in food grain production to entering the nuclear power club, the last 60 years have seen India transform from a poor, struggling country into a modern scientific power that defied global pressure to carve out a place for itself in the field of science and technology Subbed Farm When India became independent, the political leadership -? like the people at large -? had magnificent dreams. They wanted to build a prosperous, modern India casting aside centuries of stagnation, poverty and backwardness. And one of the important facets of this vision was the harnessing of science and technology to deal with the huge economic and social challenges facing the country. In the early years the foundation for a gigantic, state-funded scientific establishment was laid. Scientific research in the Nan-strategic sphere was entrusted to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (SIR) with its 37 laboratories and over 1 2,000 scientists. Similarly, the Indian Council for Agricultural Research took on the task of addressing problems of increasing agricultural output through its 97 institutes and 45 agricultural universities. -? India was a poor country, ravaged and plundered by colonialism. Yet, precious resources were set aside for all this because there was a vision that science should be put to direct use of society. These investments made 60 years ago have since borne fruit. Unlike any other post-colonial country (barring China) India can boast of one of the worlds largest scientific establishments with personnel to match it. How have these capabilities been put to use? How has the science and technology establishment tackled the halogens? The answers to these questions are not easy because its a mixed bag -? there are some well-known crowning achievements, but there is also a growing sense of unease about some issues where problems are mounting. Five areas can immediately be identified where Indian scientists have made significant strides. Their significance is not that they are fantastic discoveries that changed the world. They are remarkable because they were achieved against all odds, often in international isolation, and working with limited resources.

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s essays

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s essays The Black Civil Rights movement in the 1950's and 60's was a political, legal and social struggle of the black Americans to gain full citizenship rights and to achieve racial equality. The black struggle for Civil Rights was very hard. No group in America has or has had more difficulty assimilating into the American Culture. Segregation was started by white American southerners to separate everything between the blacks and the whites. It was also known as the "Jim Crow" system and became common to the southern. Everything possible was separated between the blacks and the whites; schools, toilet, transportation, restaurants were all separated, the blacks were poorly funded compared to the whites (Branch 72). The black people tried to fight discrimination against them whenever possible. The most significant one during the early 50's was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in Alabama led by Martin Luther King. On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was told to give up her seat on a city bus to a white person (Hampton 13). When she refuses, she was arrested which caused protest by the black community. Martin Luther King at that time was president of the Montgomery Improvement Association, which organized the protest. These activities included marches, demonstrations, and boycotts. The violent white response to black direct action eventually forced the federal government to confront the issues of injustice and racism in the South. It made him a national figure for fighting the rights of the Black Americans. Civil rights proved to be the crucial test of the l960s. Leadership came from black political and religious organizations such as the Congress on Racial Equality, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, and Martin Luther King's Southern Christian Leadership Council Sit-ins, Freedom Rides, and other forms of nonviolent protest became the weapons to fight segregation. Over 200,000 men and women joined a freedom march all over America to Was...

Palestine-Israel Conflict 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Palestine-Israel Conflict 1 - Essay Example Though the Israel is a registered country in the United Nations but many of the countries have yet not accepted it as an independent country and claim it as ‘Jewish Occupied Palestine’. Conflict The primary cause of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is over the land. Jews call this land Israel while Palestinians call it Palestine. Both groups consider a God given right to the territory and base their arguments with the God promise that he did with Ibrahim in Bible. Since both opponents were once part of the same group of people who inherited what they consider as Promise land. The conflict gets harsh with Israelis continuous to deny the Palestinian refugees right to get back to their country which is unacceptable to the Palestinians too. Secondly, some people claim that it is also the fight over water. As water is a very rare source in the Middle East territory so it adds intensity to the issue. Much of the water sources in the region are currently in Palestinian territor y, however Israelis have total control over it. But for sure this war has become a war of ethnicity than anything else. Cause For many centuries there was no conflict in the territory of Palestine and Israel for many centuries. Around 85percent Muslims, 10 percent Christian, and 5 percent Jews were leaving peacefully in the territory till 19th century. Early in the 19th century, a group in Europe decided to take possession of this land, they were called Zionists who were represented an extremist minority of the Jewish population. The major goal of Zionists moment was to create a Jewish homeland. First they thought to create it in Africa or in America but later came to consensus to locate it in Palestine. Thus, they started migrating to the Promise land and started buying the major lands there. At the start, they did not have any problems and the territory remained calm but later, when Palestinians realized they broke out and came to a war with Jews in 1947-49. Five Arab states parti cipated in the war but they were unable to get into the Israeli territory. By the end of war 78% of the territory was under Jewish Control and they never let the Palestinians refugees to get back to their homeland (A Synopsis of The Israel/Palestine Conflict). Intensity of the Situation Israel-Palestine Conflict is very intense and deep. Palestinians face systematic discrimination based on their religion, race, culture, origin and ethnicity. They are deprived of the basic facilities that just across the border in Jewish areas are easily available. For Example, Palestinians have limited or no access to clean water, schooling, electricity or roads whereas Israeli territory is considered among the most modern places in the world equipped with high technological facilities for the mob. Moreover, the Army invasion every once and now at the strip of Gaza killing most of the civilians women and children who have no idea what they are being killed for. More than 10,000 Palestinian women and children are jailed in Israeli’s jail and living a miserable life facing physical and mental abuse and torture. Few of them have had a legitimate trial but nothing could make their life better. Israeli forces have a total control over Palestinian border not only externally but also internally. Israeli forces beat men, women and children; strip search them and resists them to reach to hospitals at times. Food and medicine are blocked to enter from Gaza strip causing escalating human right crises. Few of them have had a legitimate trial; Physical abuse and torture are frequent. Israeli forces invade almost daily, injuring, kidnapping, and sometimes killing inhabitants Opinion I

Final project Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Final project - Lab Report Example Live data acquisition is a process in which computer forensic experts make a copy of the digital evidence, from a digital device, by running a program (University at Buffalo, n.d). In this process, data is acquired while the computer belonging to the suspect is on. Live data acquisition is necessitated by particular factors, such as prevention of permanent data loss, disk encryption or significant losses to the affected people, when the computer is switched off. It is noteworthy pointing out that live data acquisition does not guarantee repeatability. On the contrary, static data acquisition involves making a copy of the evidential data when the computer is turned off. Statistic acquisition mainly takes place when storage disk is write-protected by the suspect. Unlike live acquisition, static data acquisition is characterized by high level of repeatability hence the importance placed on this approach (University at Buffalo, n.d). Ideally, forensic experts make a copy of the original data in order to use the copy for further analysis. Physical drive is another commonly used term in computer forensics. Physical drive refers to the hardware component used in most computer gadgets for storing data (Pachghare, 2009). Physical drives can be in form of magnetic tapes or disk drives, which are tangible and can be detached from electronic gadgets. Contrastingly, logical drive refers to the various partitions that exist in the physical drive. In many computers, users partition the existing physical drive into several portions that represent ‘independent’ storage units (Pachghare, 2009). However, these storage units, known as logical drives, are part of the main hard drive in the computer. File Allocation Table (FAT) is an older system used by various operating systems to track data stored in the hard drive. Ideally, data generated by use of computer programs is stored in bytes, which are clustered in different locations on the storage disk (Marshall University,

American Political Thought Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Political Thought - Article Example Susan Antony worked with Elizabeth Stanton and the focus was on the suffrage and the rights of women in the society (Dilke 503). The speech of Susan Antony is based on the need to spearhead changes in the elections and the rights of women. In the past the focus of the society involved depriving of the women a chance to participate in the national issues. The focus of the speeches by Susan Antony was on the abolishment of the segregation of women and the involvement of the women in voting and looking for elective positions. The speech focused on the involvement of Susan in the voting process which led to her arrest and detainment. She continually referred to the arrest in the speeches. Voting was the main concern because of the challenge she went through after attempting to vote in the elections. Referring to the constitution of the country, she made passionate appeals on the country women and men to relook at the constitution and protect the rights of the women. Despite struggling for the rights to vote, she was not able to achieve the desired goal. The principle of power of the government being derived from the people was used as the basis to argue the case of the women. The use of sex to disfranchise a society was vehemently condemned by Susan. In her view, this was the massive violation of the citizen right and should be abolished in totality. The major question asked by the Susan was on determination on whether women are persons or not. The question was rhetorical but was meant to influence the women and allow them to think about their rights. The speeches presented by Susan helped by influencing women to take action against the discrimination and thus be inv olved in the leadership issues of the country. Discrimination of the women through the constitution was highlighted and the laws for equity were highlighted to show the need for enactment of the laws. The focus on the constitution and the law was effective because it ensured

The Scarlet Letter Vs The Awakening

The Scarlet Letter Vs The Awakening The novel The Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne is largely based on the act of adultery, identity, and love. Similarly, The Awakening, written by Kate Chopin connects well with the Scarlet Letter as it shares a similar themes, motifs of self-discovery and the way of struggles. The main characters, Hester Prynne and Edna Pontellier, develop these struggles and hardships by allowing their desires overcome themselves and as a result, these overwhelming aspirations come with consequences. Ultimately, the reality of life and the consequences of certain situations combined can drive a human spirit into a state where there is no return. The protagonists from The Scarlet Letter and The Awakening share similar characterics, thus being that they are both strong-willed women. Hester protects her true love, Reverend Dimmesdale, as she is put on the scaffold, by taking her consequences head-on and taking matters into her own hands. As a result, Hester now wears an embroidered letter A boldly onto her and has to endure all the humiliation from the public due to her act of adultery. This act could have been easily avoided by fleeing, as no one else would have idea what the true meaning of the letter is, but Hester did not want to run away from her problems, instead she acknowledged it. This choice alone pays off in the end as the meaning of the letter changes to adulterer to able They said that it meant Able; so strung was Hester Prynne, with a womans strength. (Chapter 13, page 139). On the contrary, Edna takes charge of herself by leading herself to her own self-discovery. She is able to tolerate her husband and other pr oblems occurrences in her life. As bits of her are being gathered, Edna finds herself to be isolated from others more often than usual, but even at this state, Edna remains strong and determined. Independence for Edna is key to her identity; the main leap towards this independence was when she had moved to the pigeon house. Being able to escape from her own home, which all of her husband possessions always surrounded her, she was able to get away from being one of his belongings herself. Edna moves to this house, without the compliance of her own husband, Without even waiting for an answer from her husband regarding his opinion or wishes in the matter, Edna hastened her preparations for quitting her home on Esplanade Street and moving into the little house around the block. (Chapter 29, Page 220). This action alone shows how strong she is as she is willing to change what she is and isnt afraid of the consequences of her own actions. Lastly, these two novels share more than just sins and despair, but share love and intimacy with another individual. Following their hearts, Hester and Edna did not follow marital structures they dared to challenge the traditionsof society in a way that would allow them to be viewed as sinners. Hester had once fell for a man named Chillingworth, but eventually lost feelings for him due to his absence of two years. Hester eventually falls in love with an individual of higher status, the towns minister, Arthur Dimmesdale. The love that Hester had for Dimmesdale was like no other. Her love with him was so strong that she was willing to take all shame and humiliation of her sins, without revealing the identity of her partner when she was asked on the scaffold Madam Hester absolutely refuseth to speak, and the magistrates have laid their heads together in vain. (Chapter 3, Page 19). Ednas consequences were not as severe as Hesters, but her love for others was expected and rather spontane ous. Ednas love for Leonce was purely an accident (Chapter 7, page 46) falling in love with him because of his devotion and dedication to her. Eventually, Edna falls in love with Robert; her love grows stronger each passing day when she is not with him. In conclusion, the protagonists from these two novels, Hester Prynne and Edna Pontellier share similar stories. The two different storylines were able to have a connection through multiple ways, whether it was committing wrongdoings, having strong determination for situations or having an emotion of affection and personal attachment to a certain individual. These actions of wrongdoings can demonstrate how an individual is able to surpass their sins to a point where it allows them to discover their true selves.

Free Essay - The Theme of Courage in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Theme of Courage in The Scarlet Letter In the novel The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, new ideas and themes are portrayed, giving a whole new meaning to the story. The trials and tribulations that each character faces, and overcome made the reading more enticing. However, the theme that stood out was one of courage; one must have the courage to be one's self. This theme touched each character in a different way, leaving each with a new perspective of life. Throughout the novel, different aspects of chivalry were shown. These aspects were displayed through Hester Prynne and Rev. Dimmesdale, one having courage from the beginning to the end, the other only finding courage at the end. The boldness Hester possessed was one that a person only dreams of. It was in her nature to be courageous. ."..with the embroidered letter glimmering..." (141). Hester knew that her action was wrong, yet she felt the need to be herself. She figured that if she was to be punished by a permanent letter it was necessary to make it beautiful (like herself). Hester dealing with guilt and embarrassment had enough and ."..undid the clasp that fastened the scarlet letter..." (185). Knowing that Dimmesdale was going to confess pushed Hester to be herself again. This led her to find her fortitude once again and become herself. Dimmesdale, however late it occurred, did in fact find courage. Hawthorne kept Dimmesdale "confused." Dimmesdale struggled to find an answer, tossing confession and secrecy back and forth. Dimmesdale ."..longed to speak out..." (132), and confess. Chillingworth knew that Dimmesdale did not have the valor to speak out. Taking this into consideration Dimmesdale pondered the situation and came upon a solution. "And there stood the minister, with his hand over his heart;" (141). This showed true courage, which was not expected of Dimmesdale. Ascending the scaffold and embracing his own punishment, Dimmesdale became himself taking consequences for his actions. Dimmesdale struggled to make peace with Pearl. He knew that all she wanted was attention, which could only be cured by confession. In doing so he took it upon himself to attempt forgiveness. ."..to admit him into the child's kindlier regards-bent forward, and impressed one on her brow.

The Importance of Color and Balance in the Work of Nolde

Color was tremendously important to the artist Emil Nolde and Henri Matisse.   They used color to achieve balance, vividness, and brilliance.   Both men were born in the eighteen sixties and died in the nineteen fifties, therefore they were painting during the same time period.   They were European with Nolde being from Germany and Matisse from France.   They shared an extraordinary use of color. Emil Nolde painted the famous still life Tulips using bright vivid color choices.   It is a watercolor on paper yet the colors almost have the same depth as oils.   The background in Tulips is a range of light and dark shades of violet.   The darkness is achieved by the amount of blue in the violet.   The actual flowers are deep shades of red, orange, yellow, and white. They are very detailed in shape and form.   Matisse painted the still life Tulips and Oysters on Black Background.  Ã‚   These two artists used similar colors in their work, but the works were different.   Matisse uses a deep brownish red instead of black as the title suggested for the background.   Like Nolde, he uses vibrant shades of red, orange, yellow and white which create the same warm tone as Nolde’s.   However, Tulips and Oysters on Black Background is not as defined and has more objects like a table and oysters along with the tulips. The focal point of each painting is the tulips.   In Tulips by Nolde, he uses colors that are analogues to achieve the warmth of the flowers that are a symbol of spring and warmer weather.   Matisse also uses red in the color of the tulips even though he uses more white than Nolde.   His use of analogues are placed on the table.   He uses the red table, yellow lemons, and the deeper shade of red in the tulips to create the same warmth that Nolde does. Both Nolde and Matisse use complimentary colors as well to achieve balance.   They both use green in the leaves and stems to compliment the red in the tulips. In Tulips by Nolde, orange is complimented by the shades of blue in the background.   Tulips and Oysters on Black Background by Matisse uses the blue in the vase to compliment the orange red of the table.   Nolde adds a random yellow tulip at the base of his arrangement so that the violet of the background will be complimented While the violet rims of the oysters compliment the vibrant yellow lemons on the table. References Delahunt, M. (1996-2008). Artlex. Retrieved April 9, 2008 from http://www.artlex.com Matisse, H. (1943-44). Tulips and Oysters on Black Background Nolde, E. (1930). Tulips

Examining The Domestic Violence Of Children Social Work Essay Example

Examining The Domestic Violence Of Children Social Work Essay Example Examining The Domestic Violence Of Children Social Work Essay Examining The Domestic Violence Of Children Social Work Essay In a recent instance, the inquiry of specifying the domestic force has arose where was what is meant by the word force in subdivision 177 of the Housing Act 1996. Is it limited to physical contact or does it include other signifiers of violent behavior? The significance of domestic force has been seen in a different position namingly in a broader mode than the definition that has been used. The Court held that domestic force in s. 177 ( 1 ) of the 1996 Act includes physical force, endangering or intimidating behaviors and any other signifier of maltreatment which, straight or indirectly, may give rise to the hazard of injury. Violence is non a term of art. It is capable of bearing several significances and using to many different types of behavior. These can alter and develop over clip. The indispensable inquiry is whether an updated significance is consistent with the statutory intent. Naming the job The different nomenclature used to discourse the issue of kids, immature people and domestic force reflects both turning apprehension of the issue, and the complexness and diverseness of kids and immature people s experiences. Earlier literature, for illustration, often referred to kids who witness force, with the portraiture of kids as silent informants rather common. Recently, the term exposed to force has more often been used, because it is more inclusive and does non do premises about the specific nature of the kids s experiences .[ 2 ] In Australia, the footings experiencing, [ 3 ]affected by, [ 4 ]living with force have progressively been used. These footings emphasise that kids are really much affected by domestic force and indicate that the impacts pervade many facets of their lives. What is progressively clear, peculiarly from qualitative surveies, is that kids and immature people are non simply inactive looker-ons in households where there is domestic force: they are actively involved in seeking to do significance of their experiences and in covering with the hard and terrorizing state of affairss which confront them.[ 5 ] Children s experiences of domestic force Children experience domestic force in countless ways. Some of these may ensue in direct physical injury to the kid. For illustration, force may get down or intensify during a adult female s gestation, with adult females often describing that the maltreater intentionally directed blows at their chests, venters and venereal country while pregnant.[ 6 ] A adult female may be assaulted while keeping an baby in her weaponries, or when seeking to protect her kid from maltreatment by her spouse. A kid or immature individual may be injured when they try to step in to protect a parent who is being assaulted. One-third of the kids in a Western Australian survey[ 7 ]reported holding been hit by their male parents while seeking to support their female parent or to halt the force. A file reappraisal of kids seen in the exigency section of a US kids s infirmary with hurts ensuing from household force ( excepting kids who were victims of direct physical maltreatment ) over a 10 twelvemonth period provides some penetration into the types and forms of hurt to kids who witness force.[ 8 ]The survey identified 139 kids and immature people, runing in age from two hebdomads to 17 old ages. Although the mean age of kids identified was five old ages, about half ( 48 per cent ) of the kids were under two old ages of age ; 10 per cent were younger than one month ; and 33 per cent were younger than one twelvemonth. Twenty-four per cent of the kids received their hurts while trying to step in in a battle. For 57 per cent of the kids, hurts were minor, while for 40 per centum, they were reasonably terrible. Nine per centum required hospital admittance. The writers comment that since the bulk of hurts were minor 1s to the caput or appendages, many such instances with hurts d ue to household force may be overlooked in the absence of direct revelation because such hurts are common in kids. Children and immature people may straight detect force or they may go aware of it in a assortment of ways: they may be in another room and hear what occurs ; they may be woken and hear portion of the force ; they may see the bruising and hurt of their female parents and the broken and damaged belongings when they return from school or wake up in the forenoon. Children and immature people besides live with the effects of force on the wellness and rearing capacity of their female parents. For illustration, domestic force has been associated with increased hazard for adult females developing substance maltreatment jobs[ 9 ]mental ailment wellness[ 10 ]and suicidality.[ 11 ] Children may besides be involved in the force in ways which encourage a sense of duty for the force.[ 12 ]For illustration, the violent incident may happen in the context of statements about the kids[ 13 ]or the maltreater may utilize the kids to hale the female parent to return place: He locked the door and said I had to remain. He said I had to remain with him until Dendranthema grandifloruom decided to populate with him once more but she wo nt. Mum managed to name the constabulary. She grabbed me and we ran to the auto but he ran after us and jumped on the auto to halt us acquiring off. I was so frightened and weeping.[ 14 ] If a adult female separates from her maltreater, the kids may populate with the go oning fright that he will return and that the force will get down once more.[ 15 ]After separation, the kids may happen that, through issues of contact agreements, they move from the fringe to the Centre of the struggle.[ 16 ] Much of the foregoing relates to the experience by kids of physical force towards their female parents: lupus erythematosus is known about the impact on kids of the other facets of domestic force such as verbal and emotional maltreatment, societal isolation, and economic want. Herman ( 1992 )[ 17 ]points out that the well recognized isolation of households in which force occurs does non simply go on , but is enforced by the maltreater as a tactic to keep control over household members. As a effect, the societal lives of abused kids are besides deeply limited by the demand to maintain up visual aspects and continue secretiveness. [ 18 ] The moral force of secretiveness pervades the lives of kids populating with domestic force.[ 19 ]Populating with secretivenesss can be a beginning of shame for kids[ 20 ]and can be a barrier to the development of relationships with equals. Not merely is the secret of force to be kept from those outside the household: Peled ( 1998 )[ 21 ]found that the force was typically non discussed by household members until outside bureaus became involved. If adult females separate from an opprobrious spouse, the secretiveness around the force in the place may be exchanged for secretiveness refering the household s new reference .[ 22 ] Children and immature people may besides see the effects of intercessions, such as the engagement of the constabulary, motion to a safety or to a relation s house. In Australia in 1997/98, 34,663 kids and immature people accompanied victims of domestic force to Supported Accommodation Assistance Program ( SAAP ) services ( Women s Services Network 2000 ) . Sudden, rushed turbulences and alterations in adjustment bring with them break of schooling and important losingss, such as friends, pets, playthings, milieus, activities and athleticss.[ 23 ]Peled ( 1998 )[ 24 ]found from interviews with pre-adolescent kids that the intercession of constabularies and other outside bureaus who labelled their male parent a condemnable marked a major turning point in kids s apprehension of their state of affairss. FORCED MARRIAGE Child MARRIAGE Award BASED VIOLENCE Forced matrimony and alleged honour offense are a misdemeanor of human rights and may be a signifier of domestic and/or sexual force. So-called Honour Based Violence cuts across all civilizations, nationalities, religion groups and communities. Such force transcends national and international boundaries. 1.18 The definition we have adopted for forced matrimony is: A matrimony without the consent of one or both parties and where duress is a factor . A forced matrimony is distinguishable from an ordered matrimony. In ordered matrimonies, although households may take a prima function in taking the spouses, the pick of whether or non to accept to the agreement remains with the possible partners. 1.19 The definition we have adopted in regard to honour offense is: a offense or incident that has or may hold been committed to protect or support the honor of the household and/or community. The simpleness of the definition is non intended in any manner to understate the degrees of force, injury and injury caused by such Acts of the Apostless. We are cognizant that honor offense is a aggregation of patterns, which are used to command behavior within households to protect sensed cultural and spiritual Hertz Policy for Prosecuting Cases of Domestic Violence beliefs and/or honor. Such force can happen when culprits perceive that a relation has shamed their household and/or their community by interrupting their honor codification. 1.20 We will guarantee that when sing instances of domestic force we will be aware that victims may be subjected to coerce from households, friends and communities within this context. Domestic VIOLENCE: Impact ON CHILDREN IN UK In most instances, it has been recorded that these kids and immature people who had been populating, witnessing or been involved with the domestic force are of certain types of behaviour. They tend to take a life which is off from the norms of other kids and immature people. Their attitude and behaviour has been impacted by the domestic force which can be seen in sociological and psychological mode. This is a forceful impact on them as this disrupts their normal childhood every bit good as their schooling and academic making. Consequence on Behaviors: Internalization and societal acquisition theory Emotional and psychological The first impact that can be clearly seen on kids and immature people who face domestic force is that they are disturbed emotionally compared to other normal life taking kids. The trauma experience that they face at place will be a major function in their unnatural emotional attitude. This can be witness as this group of people will be given to be more aggressive in their interaction and communicating as their look is ever a great nuisance for those around them. The domestic force could do these kids and immature people the common job of anxiousness[ 25 ], societal backdown[ 26 ]and depression.[ 27 ] It is our ignorance to presume that the kid or a immature individual is of quiet character when the bash non interact much compared to other normal groups. The silence maintained by those kids and immature people is dude to emphasize and emotional jobs which they face at place.[ 28 ]The ignorance of people around them where no 1 bothers or realizes of these kids will decline the state of affairs when they feel isolated. The kid is immatureness is covering with the emotions and jobs added with deficiency of concern on them leads them to traumatic and clinical concern. This is agreed with a rese arch[ 29 ]done on kids of battered adult female where it showed that 68 % of the preschool kids and 53 % of school age kids had depression that is a clinical concern.[ 30 ] The depression comprised of anxiousness, societal backdown and depression that they are traveling through are of the same depression that the abused female parent goes through.[ 31 ]Home Office[ 32 ]shows that 75 % of these victims are of depression which is a clinical concern. They have the fright of when will the culprit attack them following and a strong letdown that they are non able to get away this maltreatment upon them and salvage their kids out of it. This opprobrious environment leads the kids and immature people to a deep emphasis, depression and anxiousness where they will get down to avoid societal environment, they ever want to be unnoticed, questioned about their personal life and ever retreat from everything that makes others recognize of their presence. The type of behaviour that a kid has due to the impact of domestic force is of anxiousness, societal backdown and depression. The unsupportive environment at place is the root cause for their psychological and emotional alteration. Anxiety The restless head about what will go on next in the house, when the maltreater will assail following and who will be victimized is all about the anxiousness being faced by the kids and immature people. The object at place which had been apparent of force including broken furniture, blood stained rugs and walls, contusions physically earlier are a great reminder for kids and immature people to fear of what would go on following. Will they be attacked once more and will it ache more are of unstoppable inquiry which run in their heads which shows the kids are off from their ego control.[ 33 ] Silence and backdown Bing soundless and non acquiring involved in anything around them are the best manner possible that any kid or immature people would utilize to acquire rid of being abused violently or their household members are being violated. This show the kid is soundless and withdrawn. This can be taught verbally and/or visually through associatory acquisition agencies.[ 34 ] The thought can be clearly visualised as in the kid ever witness the reaction given by their victim in two ways either the maltreater violently attacks the victim where the victims remains soundless to avoid controversial. This is besides give positive comments that the maltreatment being made will stop earlier due to the silence and withdrawal attitude possess by the victim. This will quiet down the culprit from go oning to move more sharply. However the one more reaction given by the household member which is being abused is to contend back the culprit where the maltreatment is worsen by the battle back. The force does non halt but go on and attacked worse than earlier as the culprit gets more angry when the victim travel against him. The addition of force make the kids to come to a decision that lone silence and backdown will salvage them from acquiring into any of the problem. They prefer non to travel against anyone in the hope that they will non be attacked or will be less attacked by the maltreater. This shows a great impact of domestic force on kids and immature people s behavior. Depression the depression may originate for kids and immature people when they feel that they are less of import among others, feelings of powerless and feelings of unable to salvage their household members particularly mother from being abused. This depression may traumatise them particularly when they do non acquire a proper internal and external supports.[ 35 ]It could be applied that the behaviours they learn are applied to societal larning theory when it is observed a norms.[ 36 ]This could be seen as an illustration where these kids will utilize the norms that they witness in their day-to-day life as theoretical accounts to take their life as that s the lone cognition they have and experience have approximately. Such as the depression, backdown, silence, anxiousness and soundlessness where they learn from what they witness by their household members particularly their female parent are being followed by these kids and immature people. The easiest reply for this as they have no chance is s ing a better norm or behaviour. Social acquisition can besides be applied by detecting an existent activity and seeing what it achieves which is sometimes referred to as associatory acquisition.[ 37 ]This has been a great illustration for kids as they see their female parent who is being abused remain soundless to avoid farther maltreatment or its less likely to happen. A instance survey which demonstrates this sort of social larning behavior has been highlighted by a instance brought frontward to the Domestic Violence Integrated Response Project ( DVIRP ) ,[ 38 ]a support web based in the East Midlands ( UK ) which offers supports including the Break-Thru programme for kids aged 7-16 old ages who have witnessed and or experienced domestic force. An 8 twelvemonth old male child was referred to the Break-Thru programme for curative Sessionss after he had witnessed domestic force. The male child stated that every clip his male parent hits his female parent, he would be hit every bit good if he tries to support his female parent. So due to avoid from being attack by his male parent, he would remain in the upstairs and stay silence by merely listening to the maltreatment made to his female parent. This shows domestic force ha a great impact of kids and immature people as in act uponing them to remain quiet, retreating from hard state of affairss as they learn this method is the best to cut down and avoid problem. Effectss on behavior: Externalization and societal acquisition theory The impact of domestic force has on kids and immature people do consequence their behavior in an externalized mode[ 39 ]where they behave in aggressive, hostile, riotous and anti- societal behaviors compared to kids from non-violent places, similar to that of the culprit largely who is considered as male. Aggresive All this piece, it has been seen how the kids and immature people are influenced in a hapless mode where they are being timid and avoiding all the problems by being silence and withdrawing in all fortunes. However there is besides another manner domestic force could give impact on kids and immature people, they can be aggressive as in antonym to what the behavioural above. There are those kids and immature people who copy and follow the behavioral of culprit s behaviour. This made them to move up every bit aggressive where it shows societal larning theory of aggressive behavior[ 40 ]where the kids use this method to accomplish whatever they want. The kids and immature people will get down to utilize force on the weak side to derive their penchant as a followers of what the culprit usage on their female parent to derive high quality.[ 41 ] However it has besides been researched that these kids externalization behaviour of aggressiveness does vary harmonizing to alterations of topographic points like in school, place, friendly relationship and accommodation to topographic points[ 42 ]they live compared to those populating with the culprits without any alterations in their milieus. Copying the maltreatment behavior of parents It has been seen in the research[ 43 ]done that most kids and immature people who are of externalised behavior of aggressiveness considers and follow the root of their culprits behaviour which they witness at place. They will seek to copy and pattern this violent behavior.[ 44 ]Similar results of experimental acquisition have been found in other surveies and research environing the effects of domestic force upon behavior. The instance survey sing the 8year old male child brought frontward by DVIRP, as discussed antecedently, highlighted that the male child displayed externalised behaviors including choler for which he had no mercantile establishment ; this resulted in him copying his male parent s behavior and being aggressive by hitting his Dendranthema grandifloruom and interrupting family ownerships. This instance, along with other such instances which are demonstrated through research by the likes of McGee ( 2000 )[ 45 ]and Abrahams ( 1994 )[ 46 ], highlight that kids s function theoretical accounts ( parents ) do to a great extent act upon behaviors ; if the kid had non witnessed his male parent s violent behavior he may non hold externalised aggression, he may hold been able to spread his choler through alternate methods. Affects equals relationship Those kids and immature people who are affected by this type of behaviors are type of group where they like to decide their interpersonal troubles in an aggressive manner. This is due to the life of them where they lived in place of heightened ill will. This could be seen clearly when they pattern those attitude among their equals where they use manner of aggression and ill will where they learn from culprits at place.[ 47 ]The interaction between the equals of this group of kids affecting less friendship but more of laterality by the domestic violent affected kid as they prefer to utilize force instead than proper communicating compared to others. Drug and intoxicant maltreatment The impact that domestic force has on the kids and immature people can take to usage of drugs and intoxicant maltreatment.[ 48 ] Runing off Juvenile delinquency this could be seen in the recent instance where media attending surrounded the Edlington onslaught where dangerous bodily injury with purpose was committed by two male childs aged 10 and 11. The barrister on the instance has explained good that this utmost behavior done was caused by what they had witnessed at place by the utmost force and condemnable behavior of the parents of domestic force. This kids were defended by great points which was brought by the barrister that the kids are of toxic place life where the informant extreme threaten which was put frontward by their male parent including threating to slit their female parents face to spots with a knife.[ 49 ] However it could be argued that it was non confirmed that the utmost behavior of the kids are due to the impact of domestic force in that peculiar instance. To see in a broader graduated table, it is non an issue to knock on what graduated table that these hostile behavior is of whether it is a low graduated table degree or utmost degree. It is important that they are to be impacting the ulterior phase of the life which includes the equal socialization, school acquisition and ego development during the childhood.[ 50 ] Violent behavior in grownup relationship The research workers have focused on the impact of domestic force on kids and immature people as they make passages into maturity where most theories have explained that they tend to hold cycle of force [ 51 ]subsequently on their life as an grownup due to the experiences of domestic force as kids and immature people. This is due to the attitude of projecting the violent and opprobrious behavior while childhood.[ 52 ] The behavioral impacts of domestic force on instruction and the school response 4.1 Overview Education is widely accepted as to hike economic and societal capital as in to keep one s life. It is widely understood accepted by the society that mandatory instruction is a must for kids and immature people. This is due to the system which emphasises on societal accomplishments ( interacting with equals, coachs, affecting in treatments ) , moral and cultural cognition ( through larning History, Music ) , administration accomplishments ( cues in conformity, deadlines and school uniforms ) and academic accomplishments ( through Maths and Science ) which will be a prima way for them for a successful life way. The kids who are non able to get by up with the instruction norms by truanting and excepting themselves will be a great concern for parents and instructors.[ 53 ] Domestic force does non enforce direct impact on kids as per researches done, though the impacts are instead limited yet of great significance. However it has been proved relevantly that domestic force does give negative impacts on kids and immature people in societal scenes which include school.[ 54 ] Pro societal behavior is seen in kids and immature people when the household scene is of positive[ 55 ]and negative consequence is seen in those of hapless household fond regard and negative household relationship between kid and parents.[ 56 ] It is agreed that kids and immature people of domestic force background are more likely to be involved in negative behaviors outside place which increase the chance of school troubles. It is easy to state that the domestic force impact affects the kids and immature people variously when they do non conform with the instruction system and unable to accomplish proper academic making. Those impacts include increased hazard of ulterior employment issues,[ 57 ]engagement in offense[ 58 ]and mental wellness jobs.[ 59 ]It is non to discourse the current impact s of domestic force After analyzing the possible effects of witnessing domestic force on the kid s behavior in the old chapter, this chapter shall concentrate on analyzing the effects that these negative internalised and externalised behaviors have on the kid s instruction Internalised and externalised behaviors: Impact on schooling Learning As seen earlier those kids who have been affected psychologically and emotionally by domestic force have internalised behaviors of anxiousness, societal backdown and depression, and externalised behaviors of a riotous and aggressive nature compared to normal life taking groups.[ 60 ] Largely these type of affected kids and immature people are non able to command their behavior from societal scenes outside their place where they will hold jobs in grownup relationship, aggressive or hapless communicating with equals, low rate of concentration in school and overall hapless accomplishments in school.[ 61 ] Ill handling others The aggressiveness which shown by these group of people is the result of the procedure of domestic force at place. Ones these kids are placed outside of their place frame, they are ungratified of what might b go oning to their abused parent while they are non present at place. This state of affairs increases the badness where they will ill handle those people around them in schools.[ 62 ] And if [ Dad ] round Mum up I would be at school thought .What if I go place and Mum is nt at that place? What if something s happened?[ 63 ] Lose concentration in school activities Domestic force has affected the concentration and engagement in school activities where kids and immature people has internalised behaviors of fright and anxiousness.[ 64 ]Those who are traumatised and suffer domestic force are most likely to be withdrawn from category and their head are wholly disconnected from the environment they are where this consequences in non concentrating on what has been taught to them.[ 65 ] Unable survey at place This state of affairs adds up to troubles for those kids and immature people from place survey and revising their topics as they do non happen a peaceable environment at place due to domestic force. This gives a great impact on the kids s potency in accomplishing academically. Traumatic It could be added that these kids would besides impact other pupils in category and instructors as domestic force does do harm to their learning procedure.[ 66 ]That type of kids and immature people will be seen as disturbing and troublesome by the equals and instructors as these may be consequence of Post-Traumatic Stress.[ 67 ] whenever I hear the instructor cheering, I merely used to cover my ears cause I do nt desire to hear no one cheering it was like bells pealing in my caput [ 68 ] At times, it could be seen that these kids and immature people would move up in aggressive and illicit mode towards the equals and instructor as in defeat due to the reaction, remarks, tone which was expressed by them reminds of the culprit did in procedure of maltreatment they witness at place. This illustrates how domestic force can be damaging to the communicative accomplishments of kids and immature people because they gain distorted perceptual experiences of the purposes, feelings, and behaviors of others [ 69 ]within the school environment. Social Exclusion and Impact on Attendance Affecting equals interaction in school Not merely are kids likely to endure academically because of their behavioral symptoms, their relationships with equals and other grownups are besides likely to be affected. Internalised behaviors such as depression, anxiousness and backdown are symptoms which can except the kid or immature individual from their equals ; their post-traumatic symptoms or behaviors may acutely upset a developing close relationship with a best friend, make a sense of isolation from equals, or lead to societal banishment .[ 70 ]This social banishment is further increased when kids have to travel schools because they need to be re-housed or take shelter in a adult females s safety off from their violent place. This disjunction from both the academic and societal life at school may take kids and immature people who have been traumatised at place ( in this instance by domestic force ) to go socially excluded from the norms of school life. Truancy Social exclusion may act upon attending rates as some kids ( changing between ages ) who become socially excluded from their equals and school patterns may truant by remaining at place or even roll the streets. Harmonizing to research on th

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